The pioneering Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung posited the first step in therapy as the integration of the Shadow. Jung defined the Shadow as those parts of the personality rejected by the ego. Until one is conscious of the Shadow, one will continue to project this rejected self onto others. This is the heart of hypocrisy. Unable to see one's fault as ones own, an outside observer notes one's criticism of others as more correctly applied to oneself. One cannot see this, however, without the painful work of recognizing one's own Shadow. This work akin to owning up to one's Mr. Hyde, one's evil twin, the stuff of nightmares. The person who can say, we have met the enemy, and he is us, has integrated his/her shadow. Once having done this, Jung would say, the ego is broader, but less bright. This Shadow integration is the heart of humility. Bush has not, and may never, achieve this, since he is psychologically unconscious and immature.

Studying Bush, two aspects of his Shadow become apparent. One theme he emphasizes in the Republican philosophy is for greater individual responsibility and less dependency on the government. As he says in A Charge to Keep: "Not too long ago society knew without question that being unmarried and pregnant was cause for shame. Today, many say no problem, government will provide a rent-free apartment and send money to help; government condoned with a check and society with a shrug. We can now say, without question, that the belief that government could solve people's problems...was wrong and misguided."

Bush decries what he was himself. Bush was also a dependent over much of his life, but he didn't need government. His family is uncommonly wealthy, and more generous. When he left Yale, he took $20k ($50k in current dollars) out of a trust fund to get established in Midland. Through the years that followed, family money kept him from needing steady employment. He has been shielded from the consequences of his irresponsible actions time and again by his father and was arrested at least three times, leading the life of a rich playboy. Leaving behind the rumors of even worse acts, we can still see much Bush has in common with the unmarried and pregnant woman. He now attacks this Shadow Anima (the female unconscious component of the male) whose life parallels his own, and knows family dependency enabled his stunted, delayed development. This running from his own Shadow drives Bush.

The Gore Lies theme of his presidential campaign is another aspect of Bush's Shadow. The opposition researchers on Bush's staff spun this myth at Bush's bidding, but also as a diversion to Bush's own problems with basic honesty. As Ann Richards deftly describes Bush, "He is like the guy who was born on third base, and wants you to think he hit a triple." In this way, his seeks to create an overall false impression. Then, he tries to apply a common touch to his manner, but his accent is feigned. No one of the upper class, educated at Exeter, Yale and Harvard has that aw-shucks demeanor without careful, conscious image crafting. Bush said, once Congress ratified the election, "I guess I should go and write an inauguration speech." The statement was flippant, puerile, and a falsehood. The speech had been in preparation long before. His speechwriters wrote it, not him. And, observers who remark how Bush's politically moderate speech belie a conservative agenda should scarcely be surprised.

As a final example, consider the statement in a recent budget speech that Bush said he sat down with a calculator, and determined that 1.6 trillion was the right number for a tax cut. This is a multifaceted and obvious lie. Determining a ten year federal tax plan requires busloads of doctoral economists, public policy experts and other intellectuals from institutes like Cato, foundations like Heritage, universities and the government. Their tools are sophisticated economic models and spreadsheets requiring computers capable of billions of calculations, beyond a human's capacity to perform manually in a lifetime. Further we know that Bush is only nominally in charge of his administration, being in the dark about his running-mates' heart attack in a press conference hours after his handlers were informed. His portayal of his tax plan as something he calculated himself, by hand is a laughable lie. Why, financial calculators cannot even hold a trillion-dollar value, going to 10 digits not thirteen!. Bush commonly takes credit for the work of others, the very thing he accused Gore of doing. The Gore Lies theme was pure Bush Shadow projection. As Jungian Psychiatrist Scott Peck would say, he lies continually, pervasively, and subtly. If ever confronted with this lack of integrity in the slightest, Bush's temper comes out as a suppression dynamic of this denied truth.

The American Presidency is a strange position. It is a first-among-equals position. Presidents like to start speeches with the phrase "my fellow Americans", while having many of the trappings of royalty, such as. The Oval Office an ersatz throne and Air Force One the royal barge. The White House is no 10 Downing Street. There is no archetype of a President, only of a King. We look for this heir to our throne in the political dynasties of the Bushes and the Kennedys, the Adams and the Roosevelts.

Robert L. Moore, the Jungian psychologist, identifies the four archetypes of masculine psychology: King, Warrior, Magician, and Lover. A pure expression is an archetype of a given thing, as a model is of a woman's physique or a utopia a perfect society. Each masculine archetype has a respective bi-polar shadow, which a too close identification with the archetype can engender in a weak personality. For example, Reagan was well versed in the mythology of the American Western Movie. The West of the Western never existed, but its images are powerful, because they draw on archetypes. The Sheriff who rides into town to clean it up and drive out the outlaws is pure Return of the Good King mythology. Reagan wore the white hat, and tried to make the King image his, but lost control of the government as his Alzheimer's progressed.

This application of depth psychology to world politics is unoriginal. Jung, when asked at the height of the cold war if nuclear annihilation could be avoided, said "it depends on how many on both sides keep their heads." He went on to say that "keeping one's head" consisted on owning ones own shadow, rather than projecting it onto others, such as Reagan did when he called the USSR the "Evil Empire." Fortunately, Reagan did not act on his Shadow projection, but Bush, Sr., did. Bush, Sr., attempted to reach the stature of a Warrior King, through Desert Storm, but fell into the Warrior's shadow side, that of a Tyrant Weakling. The Tyrant was displayed in his campaign against Dukakis, which was cruel and unprincipled, and his Weakling Shadow publicly diagnosed in his "wimp" image. Saddam, like Bush, was an ambitious oilman adept at covert operations and the head of a powerful family. Saddam perfectly Shadowed Bush. The clash of these two as psychodrama would have been better left to Bush's therapy sessions, if he had any. The actual, like the psych war left Bush's Shadow Saddam in power. If Bush had integrated, rather than projected his Shadow, the 50,000 Iraqi children who died from the collapse of Iraq's sanitation, healthcare, and nutrition infrastructure would have been spared. In the words of an African proverb, when elephants fight, it is the grass that suffers.

Kennedy tried to wear the King's mantle, even calling his court Camelot, but forgot the lessons of that myth. He fell as a boy hero always does. Seduced by illusions of invincibility, he rode in a convertible. Teddy Roosevelt was the embodiment of the Warrior. Gore accessed the Magician archetype when his energy was directed at transforming the environment back to a state approximating innocence, and in mid-wifing the magical internet. Ford never tapped into archetypal energy, and so is forgettable.

We have just come from a Presidency of a Lover. It isn't just that Clinton was unusually fecund. It was also the way he spread a warm glow about a room. His stubborn popular appeal confounds Republicans; their futile attempts to unseat him and revile his pardons only angering them further. Even Lewinsky still cares for him deeply. His enemies see him as Don Juan, the gigolo Shadow of the Lover, but his positive energy predominated, from his ability to keep his family together to the joyous excesses of the prosperous economy and equity market, taking its cue from him. Just as Bush, Sr. followed Reagan's King energy as a Shadow King, the Tyrant/Weakling, in Bush, Jr., we have a President coming after a Lover without the personal strength to access that energy, nor the originality to try another. The press has accurately lampooned Junior as a frat boy, not a man. Bush is a Shadow Lover, an Addict.

Bush is an untreated alcoholic. He claims that a combination of faith and personal fortitude made him quit at 40. Six years later, he was still drinking. The idea that Bush could summon the self-discipline to stop drinking is not credible, given his dissolute life. It is more credible his wife threatened to leave him and that he did not want to embarrass his father, as some reports indicate. It is likely he has only moderated his drinking, partially sublimating his addiction to other forms. Alcoholism is, as Jung pointed out, a spiritual malady. It is the love of forgetfulness, of the death of thinking. Jung gave up on treating an alcoholic, saying what was needed was a spiritual reawakening, not psychotherapy. That rejected analysand took his advice, had an epiphany, and founded Alcoholics Anonymous.

Bush redirects his symptoms to religion and to exercise but his addictive personality remains. There are healthy religious outlooks, but Fundamentalism is not one of them. Fundamental Christianity damages self insight and growth. The sinner's prayer is perfect for the alcoholic. He is just confirming the worthlessness he already feels, and can pretend his past is wiped clean. Psychology knows that conversion does not create the deep, immediate change it claims. His unexamined personal past continues to determine his present psyche. But, for Bush the born-again, he thinks his Shadow immediately resides in the past, in the "old man". It is gone, as far as Bush is concerned, even though psychologically, it really is still there, haunting him. This is how Bush could claim to crusade for the restoration of honor and decency to the White House, and believe it, while having at least as sordid a past as Clinton. The contemporary Christian songwriter, Stormie O'Martian sings to Jesus "…take what's inside of me, and replace it all with You." Bush fervently wishes the same. Believing that Bible verses can substitute for inner dialogue, and prayerful petition for introspection, Bush casts an ever longer Shadow.

Bush's addiction to physical exercise also shows his dependency on externals for a sense of well-being. His vigor releases endorphins, the so-called runner's high. Lacking inner peace, his addictive personality simply reaches for new channels of pleasure, and the losing of oneself in physical activity.

The country already feels the chill of this Shadow Lover, in the plunge in consumer confidence, in preparations for war, in the thin pretense of bipartisan peace in Washington, and in Bush's budgetary unconcern for those in the Shadows of Life. Democrats seduced by Bush's charm shortly feel betrayed, even raped. His Shadow shall continue to come out as it has in the past-in his mockery of a condemned woman, his attempts to suppress internet exposés of his addictions, and the epithet hurled at a critical journalist.

The interview process for corporate executive positions commonly includes a psych evaluation. Why not Presidential candidates? Lauren Bacall had a startling insight on Politically Incorrect during the Clinton impeachment. She said, "We don't allow our Presidents to get well." She went on to say that if Clinton had received treatment for his sexual compulsion, he would be well-adjusted today, but not President. The example of Eagleton is not lost on current and wannabe Presidents: avoid the appearance of mental problems, if you want to get elected. Much as airline pilots with drinking problems must avoid treatment to keep flying, endangering passengers, Presidents likewise shun therapy. If we could humanize our perception of those in that office, and not punish them for getting help, rather than placing them on the pedestal of faux invincibility, government would become saner.